Question:

Nurse-facilitated Self management support for people with heart disease and their family caregivers (SEMAPHFOR): A randomised controlled study

Based on the article analysis, give the following answers:1.

Background of the Study

Briefly explain the problem on which the study focuses.

What is its significance?2.

Overview of the Research Design

What was the objective of the research

What research method was used?

Was it right? Why/why not?3. Sampling

Who were the study’s participants?

What are the inclusion and outgoing criteria for the sample

Why is it important to identify these criteria before hiring?

What was the sampling method used in this study

Was it suitable for research design? Why/why not?

Briefly describe both the intervention and control group.

How were participants assigned into groups?

Is the allocation fair? Why/why not?4.

Data collection

What are the independent/dependent variables in this research?

How were the data obtained?

Data collection method should be appropriate

Define reliability and validity.

Discuss reliability and validity.5.

Data Analysis and Results

How were the data analyzed?

Was the data analysis appropriate for the study questions and research design? Why/why not?

Were there differences in outcomes between the intervention group and the control?

Did the results prove to be significant? Why/why not?

Can the study results be extended to other settings using the same methodology? Why/why not?6. Evidence Utilization

Would you recommend the clinical application of the findings from this study?Why/why no?

Answer to Question: 401208 Research For Nursing And Midwifery

This research examines self-management strategies that heart failure patients can use to help themselves and their family members.

Self-management is an intervention used in the management heart failure.

For self-management to work, the healthcare providers must support it.

This research has the potential to fill a knowledge gap.

It is still not clear how nurse-supported self management interventions can be applied to heart failure patients.

Many studies focused only on the effectiveness and not on changing trends in self management.

This research is crucial in helping to address the effectiveness the self-management programs and interventions created by nurses to help patients with heart failure and their families manage it.2.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the new nurse-supported strategy plans, which are designed to assist patients and their families in managing heart failure.

Nursing is an evolving discipline that can change as needed.

With the assistance of nurses, self-management has been made possible. New interventions have been implemented to ease the management of this condition (DiCenso Cullum and Ciliska 2011).

This is what this paper looks at.

Research design in this study was a randomized controlled trial. This minimizes researcher biases.

It uses a pragmatic parallel group.

After the identification and classification of the clinical population, an outside party was hired to collect a sample using a remote telephone randomization system (York Trials Unit).

Because it allowed for the collection and validation of data, which is reliable and objective and can be relied on to provide accurate and reliable results, the randomized controlled trials were appropriate.

It is an example of a successful strategy. The randomization of participants was done by an independent individual, which helped to select the right participants.

Because the person isn’t familiar with any of them, the impartial person was not expected not to be biased.

He had no conflict of interests in the study.3.

The study participants were adult males and women who met the criteria for eligibility.

The study’s research coordinators, heart disease nurses, heart failure consultants and general practitioners selected the participants.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria were created to aid in screening participants to ensure that they are of the appropriate caliber.

Participant must have had coronary angioplasty, clinical cardiology, and LVSD.

A participant could be excluded if they are diagnosed with cognitive impairment, have lived in nursing homes, cannot read and understand English, or are incompetent to consent.

The inclusion and elimination criteria used in this study were acceptable.

It allowed the researchers to make the right selection of participants for the study.

Study was made successful by only including the best participants. Because it is from these people that accurate and objective data are collected (Fairman et.al., 2011).

It was important and admirable to make the right selection of participants for both the intervention and control groups during the research.

The random sampling approach was used for the study.

After the population had been identified, a random strategy was used to determine the appropriate sample size for the research.

After the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria had been determined, everyone was allowed to participate in the study.

The chosen sampling technique was suitable for the research (Ludman & Von Korff 2012.

It allowed the researcher the ability to find a balance sample that could be proportionately representative the population.

It helped to eliminate any biases during the research.

The intervention and control group were used for the research.

The researcher was able to use these groups to obtain a range of complementary results in order to evaluate the effectiveness the newly introduced self management strategies for heart disease (Bodenheimer & Berry – Millett, 2013).

The Heart Failure Plan was given to the intervention group along with exercises, regular monitoring and relaxation tape. Clinical assessments and blood tests were also performed. Referrals were made as well.

On the contrary, the control group was only provided with similar self-management.

They were also offered the usual heart attack care and were asked to follow the programme.

The randomization ratio was 1:1 and 2:2.

The proper allocation procedures were used to allocate the intervention and control groups.

It allowed the researchers to ensure a proportionate selection of participants was used in the research.

Researchers were able set the inclusion criteria for intervention and control groups to ensure that each participant was placed in the correct category to allow them to make the desired findings.4.

The dependent variables of the study were admission and readmission.

The independent variables, on the other hand were self-management support, rate of admission and readmission to the hospital, and time.

To determine if a patient was admitted after randomization, the data were collected by randomly recording the findings at 3, 3 and 12 month intervals.

The data collection strategy was right for the research.

It made it much easier for researchers to collect valid and reliable data. Data was then analyzed efficiently to provide the necessary answers to the research question.

For data reliability and validity, there are two concepts.

A proper selection of data collection, sampling and analysis methods was essential to ensure reliability and validity in the research.

Because they made it possible to make sure that the research produced valid, representative, objective, valid, sound results that could be relied on to understand the concept and practice of self-management for heart failure patients, all of the measures used during the recruitment were also helpful.5.

Data analysis was conducted using SAS version 9.1 (a 2-sided significant test) and a significance threshold of 5%.

The research used data analysis techniques that allowed for proper analysis of the data and synthesis. The analysis made it easier for the data to be interpreted and comprehended without many constraints(Denscombe, 2014).

There was a small difference in the rates of readmission between intervention and control group.

The rate for readmission in the intervention group was lower than that in the control.

The rates of readmission in the intervention and control groups were 19% and 21.2%, respectively.

Nurse-assisted self intervention is more effective than other self-management strategies.

The findings were significant because they showed that new nurse-supervised selfmanagement strategies are so effective at managing heart failure.

Despite the fact there were very few differences in readmission and admission, it is important that we acknowledge the effectiveness of these nurse-coordinated selfmanagement strategies (Hsu et. al., 2012).

These findings can be applied to other nursing settings to show the effectiveness of novel approaches in nursing.

The effectiveness in heart failure management by nurse-supervised self-management strategies can be applied to all patients with heart disease (Tomcavage Littlewood Salek & Sciandra 2012.

This was done in an open-access clinic for heart failure diagnosis and primary care. However, the results can be extended to other settings.6.

It is important to recommend the findings of this research to nurses.

In nursing practice, the concept of selfmanagement was important.

Many researchers have not yet fully investigated self-management.

While many studies have focused on patients managing their own conditions, they did not consider the role of nurses in helping them (Flick (2015)).

Although the study didn’t provide much evidence for the benefits of nurse-coordinated selfmanagement strategies in heart failure patients, it is still possible to apply the findings to clinical practice.

It can increase awareness and demonstrate the benefits of more effective strategies in patient management.

Refer toBodenheimer, T., & Berry-Millett, R. (2013).

The Synthesis Project provides care management for patients who have complex health needs.

Princeton, NJ – Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.DiCenso, A.; Cullum, N. & Ciliska, D. (2011).

A few myths about evidence-based Nursing: how to implement it.

Evidence Based Nursing 1 (2), 38-40. doi:10.1136/ebn.1.2.38.Denscombe, M. (2014).

The good research book: For small-scale projects in social research.

London: McGraw-Hill Education UKFairman, J. A., et al., (2011).

The scope of nursing practice should be expanded.

New England Journal of Medicine. 364(3), 193–196. DOI: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol19No02Man02Flick, U. (2015).

Introduction to research methodology: A guide for beginning researchers.

Thousand Oaks Sage.Holloway, I., & Wheeler, S. (2013).

Qualitative research and nursing.

New York, John Wiley & Sons.Hsu, C., et al., (2012).

Study of the spread of a patient-centered medical house redesign:

Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 35(2). pp. 99-108.Levy, P. S., & Lemeshow, S. (2013).

Methods and applications of sampling of populations.

New York, John Wiley & Sons.Ludman, E. & Von Korff, M. (2012).

Cost-effectiveness in multicondition collaborative care: A randomized controlled experiment.

Archives of General Psychiatry 69(5) 506-514Melnyk, B. M., et al., (2014).

Establishment of evidence?based practice competences for registered nurses and advanced practice nurse in real-world clinical settings

the ability to improve healthcare quality, reliability, patient outcomes and costs.

Worldviews on Evidence Based Nursing, 11(1).Tomcavage, J., Littlewood, D., Salek, D., & Sciandra, J. (2012).

Advancement of nursing’s role in the medical home system. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 36(3), 194-202.