Question:
Complete the following table
Biological Macromolecule
Ratio of Elements
Function
Monomer
Example
Functional Group(s).
Carbohydrate-ose
CHO1:2:1- Short term energy storage
– Structure (cell wall & exoskeletons).Monosaccharide-Glycogen-Chitin-Cellulose-Glucose fructose galactose-sucrose lactose maltose-OH
Lipids
CHO
1:2:very fewProteins
CHON
No ratioNucleic Acids
CHONP
No ratio
Answer to Question: BY440 Stem Cell Biology
Biological Macromolecule
Ratio of Elements
Function
Monomer
Example
Functional Group(s).
Carbohydrate-ose
(Marshall et. al. 2014)
CHO1:2:1
– Short term energy storage is for metabolism
– Structure (cell wall & exoskeletons).-Makes food more favorable
-Fat oxidation-Help cellular recognition processMonosaccharide-Glycogen-Chitin-Cellulose-Glucose fructose galactose-sucrose lactose maltose-OH
Lipids(Nelson 2013)
CHO
1:2:very few
– Storing large quantities of energy
– Structure (phospholipids form a major component in cell membranes).
-Source of vitamins D, E, K, fat soluble
-Protection and heating of organs
-Act to act as a chemical mediator
Glycerol und fatty acid-Fats-Oils-Waxes-Cholesterol
-Triglyceride (glycerol +3 fatty acid)–CH2–OHProteins(Alberts et al. 2013)
CHON
There are no ratios
(Amino or carboxyl group present.
You can identify a peptide link by its presence
– Long term energy stockpile
– Provisional Support for Structures
-Responding on stimuli
-Storage & transportation of molecules
-Body regulation: Formation of antibodies to boost immune system
-Creation Of Hormone and Enzymatic Activity -catalytic reaction
-Synthesis and DNA repair
-Signal transmissionAmino acids
(Leucine, Alanine, isleucine, valine and many others)EnzymesStructural protein
–COOH (with longer hydrocarbon chain-R-more than 16 Clong)–NH2Nucleic Acids(Rodwell et al. 2015)
CHONP
There are no ratios
(Nucleotides are composed of a five carbon sugar, a nitrogenous basis and a group of phosphates.
-Storage of genetic materials
-Transmissions of genetic or other hereditary data from one generation to the next
-Protein synthesizer with the aid of ribosomes or RNANucleotides
DNARNA1 Nitrogen Base,1 Phosphate,
1 Sugar