Question:

Based on the protocol that was used by the system, the Maximum Transmission Units or MTUs range from 296 – 65,535

What are the benefits to having a large MTU

What are the advantages of a small MTU

Compare and contrast CSMA/CD vs CSMA/CA.

What are the purposes of including the IP header as well as the first 8 bytes from datagram data within the error reporting ICMP Messages?

What ICMP message contains part of an IP datagram?

Why is this important?

ISPs have allocated the following block to classless addresses to organisations.

160.70.60.12/28 Identify all addresses within the range.

You should show your calculations in as many details as possible

A router running RIP can have a routing tree with 20 entries.

a. How many periodic times do you need to handle this table.

Give your answer.

b. What number of expiration times is required to handle this particular table?

Give your answer.

c. How many garbage pickup times are necessary to dispose of this table, if five routers are inoperative?

Simply answer.

As the network administrator at a growing Internet service providers (ISP), you want efficient use of your network address.

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority assigned you a classless network with 160.50.1.1/23.

You have chosen to use the network address to satisfy 16 corporate customers’ IP address requirements. Each customer requires between 18-30 host addresses.

To calculate a subnet Mask that suits their needs, you can’t use a subnet calculator.

List the subnet mask as well as all subnetwork addresses it will create.

Show the details.

An employee calls you from a help desk stating that she is unable to access network resources.

The employee needs to be able to view her IP addresses.

You sent an e mail to the employee explaining which command-line program is best and how she can use it for the information you require.

You tell the employee that her IP address has been changed to 169.254.14.11, with subnet mask 255.255.0.0.

What conclusion can we draw from this information

As the network administrator for an ISP, you need to make the most of your network address.

One of the network address Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, (IANA), assigned to you is a class C network at 192.168.1.0.

To meet the IP address requirements of 16 corporate clients who need between 10-14 addresses each, you’ve decided to use Class C network addresses.

Use a subnet calculator to calculate a subnet Mask that suits their needs.

The subnet mask you will use and the subnetwork addresses you will create are listed.

Show the detail calculation for each output

An organization is given a block with the beginning address 14.24.74.0/24.

The organization will need to have three subblocks with addresses that it can use in its three subnets, as shown below. ?

O ne Subblock of 120 Addresses.?

O ne subblock for 60 addresses.

?One subblock of ten addresses

Answer the following questions and calculate each one.

Calculate the total IP address count, first and final addresses of each block.

Calculate subnet masks, subnetwork addresses and broadcast addresses of all subnets

Answer to Question: ITC542 Internetworking With TCP/IP

Advantages of a larger MTU are:

They are appropriate to handle large data transfers over a greater distance.

You don’t need to be fragmented for quick delivery or lost datagrams.

For small MTUs, the advantages are:

Transfer of time sensitive data, like audio or video, can be done with ease.

The suit that is used for multiplexing.2.

CSMA/CD enables collision detection.

The collision detection is done using the terminations which are based on the system standards. Also, the data is detected depending upon the transmitter so that there is no waste of time.

With this, the last information can be easily re-transmitted.

CSMA/CA does away with the need for recovery in case of collision.

Important is to ensure that the medium in use is checked.

How to find the busy spot where the transmitter is set up. After that, the transmitter waits until it is completely idle before it transmits.

The best way to minimize the possibility of collisions is to make better use of your medium.3.

It is essential to match packets to the sender.

Understanding the error messages at destination is crucial. You should pay attention to the unreachable messages, as well as the causes.

The source IP address can be used to determine the router’s interface by sending an ICMP ping.

The payload will include the TCP source as well as the destination port in the first bytes.

To troubleshoot problems, you can also work on TTL expiration message and source quench.4.

IP header contains IP datagram.

It’s used to identify the source and destination packets.5.Address: 160.70.60.12Netmask: 255.255.255.240Wildcard: 0.0.0.15Network: 160.70.60.0/28 10100000.01000110.00111100.0000 0000 (Class B)Broadcast: 160.70.60.15HostMin: 160.70.60.1HostMax: 160.70.60.14Hosts/Net: 146.

There are 40 periodic times, one for each period.

Each period requires 20 expiration time.

21 garbage collection times are required after each router.7.

Major Network: 160.50.0.0/23

Available IP addresses for major networks: 510

Required IP addresses: 480

Available IP addresses in allotted subnets:

A little over 100% of the major network address space available is being used

About 100% subnetted network address spaces are used

Subnet Name

Needed Size

Allocated Size

Address

MaskDec Mask

Assignable range

Broadcast

A3030160.50.0.0/27255.255.255.224160.50.0.1 – 160.50.0.30160.50.0.31

B3030160.50.0.32/27255.255.255.224160.50.0.33 – 160.50.0.62160.50.0.63

C3030160.50.0.64/27255.255.255.224160.50.0.65 – 160.50.0.94160.50.0.95

D3030160.50.0.96/27255.255.255.224160.50.0.97 – 160.50.0.126160.50.0.127

E3030160.50.0.128/27255.255.255.224160.50.0.129 – 160.50.0.158160.50.0.159

F3030160.50.0.160/27255.255.255.224160.50.0.161 – 160.50.0.190160.50.0.191

G3030160.50.0.192/27255.255.255.224160.50.0.193 – 160.50.0.222160.50.0.223

H3030160.50.0.224/27255.255.255.224160.50.0.225 – 160.50.0.254160.50.0.255

I3030160.50.1.0/27255.255.255.224160.50.1.1 – 160.50.1.30160.50.1.31

J3030160.50.1.32/27255.255.255.224160.50.1.33 – 160.50.1.62160.50.1.63K3030160.50.1.64/27255.255.255.224160.50.1.65 – 160.50.1.94160.50.1.95

L3030160.50.1.96/27255.255.255.224160.50.1.97 – 160.50.1.126160.50.1.127

M3030160.50.1.128/27255.255.255.224160.50.1.129 – 160.50.1.158160.50.1.159

N3030160.50.1.160/27255.255.255.224160.50.1.161 – 160.50.1.190160.50.1.191

O3030160.50.1.192/27255.255.255.224160.50.1.193 – 160.50.1.222160.50.1.223

P3030160.50.1.224/27255.255.255.224160.50.1.225 – 160.50.1.254160.50.1.2558.

It can be concluded from this information that the subnet masking was done incorrectly, that there has been a DHCP error and that automatic subnetting wasn’t performed.

The client’s network is not connected, so it will need to reset.9.

Major Network:

Available IP addresses for major network:

Number of IP Addresses Required: 224

Available IP addresses within allocated subnets – 224

About 50% of major network addressable space is used

More than 100% of subnetted networking address space are used

Name of Subnet

Needed size

Allocate Size

Address

MaskDec Mask

Assignable Range

Broadcast

A1414192.168.0.0/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.1 – 192.168.0.14192.168.0.15

B1414192.168.0.16/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.17 – 192.168.0.30192.168.0.31

C1414192.168.0.32/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.33 – 192.168.0.46192.168.0.47

D1414192.168.0.48/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.49 – 192.168.0.62192.168.0.63

E1414192.168.0.64/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.65 – 192.168.0.78192.168.0.79

F1414192.168.0.80/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.81 – 192.168.0.94192.168.0.95

G1414192.168.0.96/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.97 – 192.168.0.110192.168.0.111

H1414192.168.0.112/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.113 – 192.168.0.126192.168.0.127

I1414192.168.0.128/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.129 – 192.168.0.142192.168.0.143

J1414192.168.0.144/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.145 – 192.168.0.158192.168.0.159K1414192.168.0.160/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.161 – 192.168.0.174192.168.0.175

L1414192.168.0.176/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.177 – 192.168.0.190192.168.0.191

M1414192.168.0.192/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.193 – 192.168.0.206192.168.0.207

N1414192.168.0.208/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.209 – 192.168.0.222192.168.0.223

O1414192.168.0.224/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.225 – 192.168.0.238192.168.0.239

P1414192.168.0.240/28255.255.255.240192.168.0.241 – 192.168.0.254192.168.0.25510.

Major Network 14.24.74.0/24

Available IP addresses for major networks: 254

Number of IP Addresses Required: 190

Available IP addresses within allocated subnets – 202

81% of major network addressable space is being used

A little over 94% subnetted network address area is being used

Name of Subnet

Size required

Allocate Size

Address

MaskDec Mask

Assignable Range

Broadcast

A12012614.24.74.0/25255.255.255.12814.24.74.1 – 14.24.74.12614.24.74.127

B606214.24.74.128/26255.255.255.19214.24.74.129 – 14.24.74.19014.24.74.191

C101414.24.74.192/28255.255.255.24014.24.74.193 – 14.24.74.20614.24.74.207