Question:
Identify evidence-based research that addresses diabetes in children or adults.
A summary of the key ideas from the research findings related to a specific patient population.
Research must include current, comprehensive and relevant clinical findings.2.
The Evidence-Based ProjectaEUR”Paper on Diabetes summarizes research findings and outlines a new intervention or diagnostic tool to treat diabetes in children and adults. Please complete the following components.
Answer to Question: NRHL 5503 Evidence Based Nursing Practice
Diabetes is a medical condition that causes blood sugar levels to rise rapidly.
This can be caused when the insulin hormone (produced via pancreas) is not produced enough to desensitize.
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are both possible.
Type 1 is caused underproduction of insulin. This affects children and young people, while type 2 results in insulin resistance. This occurs mostly in middle age and older adults.
Gestational Diabetes can also occur in pregnant women. However the effects stop after giving birth to the child.
This report details one intervention that has been used for diabetes adults.
It reviews the effects of the intervention in a certain population and determines its relevance for nursing practice.
Summary of The Intervention
Karstoft, et. al. (2013) researched the feasibility of free walking training for diabetics (specific intervention) and its effect on their physical fitness, glycemic controls, and body composition.
This intervention’s focus on free living walking training is crucial because inactivity is a strong predictor for all causes death in patients with type 2.
A randomized controlled trial was used to evaluate the impact of walking training for diabetics.
Advertising and contacting the diabetes organization was used to find participants with type 2.
All participants received medical screening. .
Comparing continous walking to interval walking training (IWT), the effectiveness of this training was assessed.
The participants were divided into three groups, IWT, CWT and control.
Each participant received a podometer. Participants assigned to training groups had to take a grade walking V02 speaking test.
This was particularly important because the research had the main objective of comparing the efficacy IWT with CWT. It also helped measure energy expenditure.
For the IWT test, subjects were required to complete 3 minutes of fast walking and 3 minutes of slow walking.
The CWT team had to complete CWT faster than the target.
The group of training participants was engaged in training sessions for 4 month, lasting 60 minutes per session each week (Karstoft und al. 2013).
The final result of the study showed that IWT was more effective in improving body composition, fitness and glyecmic management than CWT.
However, there were no changes in physical fitness in the training group. This was due to IWT only and not CWT.
CWT groups also saw no changes in body composition, glycemic control, or weight (Karstoft et.al. 2013, 2013).
Interval walking is a good intervention to manage type 2 diabetes.
Evaluation of the Study
For type 2 diabetics, training programs or free walking are highly recommended.
Studies supporting free walking interventions found that diabetic patients only experienced minor benefits (Morton et. al. 2010, 2010).
This suggests that the intensity of such training might have an impact on the result.
High intensity training for diabetic patients also showed a stark improvement in their health outcome. However, the use of such intervention was limited due to feasibility issues that were found in many studies (Little et al. (2011); Gillen & Gibala (2013)).
Expert supervision was required for such interventions.
Interventions that are both beneficial to diabetic patients but also easily applicable to all adult patients were needed.
Karstoft, et al. (2013) have done significant research. Their focus was on the intensity and duration of walking training. They also evaluated the effect interval-walking training which is a repeat cycle of slow and quick walking.
It is rare to find research that focuses on the feasibility and effects of such interventions.
Karstoft, et al. (2013) proved that IWT was effective for diabetics on the basis of energy expenditure, improving diabetic symptoms and being feasible in a target population.
This evidence is a new reason to consider IWT for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
It’s also applicable to nursing practice since nurses can use such intervention in support of diabetic patients receiving primary health care.
Sargent. Forrest. & Parker (2012) also found that many primary health nurses offer preventive lifestyle advice and chronic disease management.
As part of the multidisciplinary primary medical team, nurses are able to support diabetic patients in incorporating IWT as an everyday activity.
By doing so, they can prevent diabetic patients from becoming overweight, help them to improve their physical fitness, and assist in achieving glycaemic control.References:
American Diabetes Association. (2015). 2.
Diagnose and classification of diabetes.
Diabetes care, 38(Supplement 1), S8-16Gillen, J. B., & Gibala, M. J. (2013).
Is high-intensity training an efficient exercise strategy to improve fitness and health?
Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism, 139(3), 409-412.Karstoft, K., Winding, K., Knudsen, S. H., Nielsen, J. S., Thomsen, C., Pedersen, B. K., & Solomon, T. P. (2013).
Study of the effects of interval walking training, free-living, on glycemic control and body composition in type 2 diabetics.
Diabetes care, 36(2) 228-236.Little, J. P., Gillen, J. B., Percival, M. E., Safdar, A., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Punthakee, Z., … & Gibala, M. J. (2011).
Type 2 diabetes patients who are unable to exercise or have low levels of activity can benefit from interval training.
Journal of applied physiologicallogy, 111(6) 1554-1560.Morton, R. D., West, D. J., Stephens, J. W., Bain, S. C., & Bracken, R. M. (2010).
Walking with a heart rate monitor improves cardiorespiratory fitness and not glycaemic controls in type 2 diabetes patients.
Journal of sport sciences, 28(1). 93-99.Sargent, G. M., Forrest, L. E., & Parker, R. M. (2012).
Systematic review of nurse-provided lifestyle interventions in primary medical care to address chronic disease risk factors.
The obesity review, 13(12), 1148-1171.