Answer:
Background And Overview

Study Citation

Y?lmaz, K., & ?en, V. (2020). Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for COVID?19 in children?. Pediatric pulmonology, 55(12), 3595-3601.

Purpose/Background

Coronavirus is a disease that started in 2019 and has serious complications among people all over the world.

Study Objectives

To assess the prevalence as well as clinical importance of vitamin D deficiency among children with coronavirus.

Historical Content

Vitamin D deficiency is a serious issue among people belonging to all age groups. It is a pluripotent hormone that has an impact on innate and acquired immunity. It involves an increased risk of infection among people. Y?lmaz and ?en (2020) opined that vitamin D induces defensins and cathelicidins that reduce the rate of viral replication.

Method

Study Design

Retrospective study

Funding

There was no grant

Population

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Patients suffering from COVID-19

Patients with deficiency of vitamin D

Age of 1 month to 18 years

From March 2020 to May 2020

Patients without COVID-19

Patients without vitamin D deficiency

Patients above the age of 18 years or below 1 month

Cases not between March to May 2020

Intervention or Study Procedures

An observational study included 40 patients suffering from COVID-19 and hospitalised and verified using the PCR method. 45 children were considered as control subjects. Various factors included were the age, data from both clinic and laboratory, level of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol.

Outcomes

Group 1 had a level of vitamin D of as low as 25 ng/ml and Group 2 had more than or equal to 20 ng/ml of vitamin D.

Statistical Analysis

Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS)

Results

Study Sample

Sample Size

Baseline Characteristics

40 patients were examined and 45 patients were control

The age group of 1 month to 18 years, the severity of the deficiency.

Results

COVID-19 patients had low vitamin D level than control and low serum phosphorus. The symptom of fever was more in the case of patients with COVID-19 who have a deficiency of vitamin D.

Summary

There is a negative correlation between fever and a level of vitamin D.

Discussion And Conclusion

Evaluation of Study Quality

Strengths of the Study

Limitations of the study

There is no study on this topic thus, making it unique.

Data can be incomplete or incorrect due to retrospective study, some parameters are not taken into consideration.

Author’s Discussion and Conclusion

The value of vitamin D can be linked with the presence and treatment of COVID-19 and it involves modulation of the immunological action of the infection in the given population.

Personal Discussion And Conclusion

Vitamin D can be used as a parameter to help in treating the disease or minimising the severity of the infection.

Application To Patient Care

The application is confirmed in the paediatric population